Tomcat

Motivating a Java Servlet

Making Java web applications involves writing HTTP server code
This process of writing HTTP server code has been automated via Java Application Servers
Apache Tomcat is the most popular Java Application Server
Python's WSGI server is the closest equivalent to Java servlets

Describing Java Servlets

A java servlet is a Java software component
It extends the capabilities of a web server
Servlets can respond to many types of requests
However, they typically implement web containers
Web containers are used for hosting web apps on a web server
Web servlets are the Java counterpart to other dynamic content technologies, like PHP and ASP.NET

Defining about Web Containers

A web container must be used to run a servlet
A web container is also known as a servlet container
It is used for:
- Interacting with servlets
- Managing the lifecycle of servlets
- Mapping a URL to a particular servlet
- Ensuring the client has correct access rights
A servlet is an object receiving a request
It generates a response based on that request

Describing the `Servlet` Framework in Java

The basic Servlet package is used for:
- Defining Java objects to represent servlet requests/responses
- Defining objects that reflect configurations
- Defining objects that reflect the execution environment
The basic Servlet.http package is used for:
- Defining HTTP-specific subclasses of generic servlets
- Defining objects for managing sessions
Servlets are packaged in a WAR file as a web application

References

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